🔧
tool
相关软件（R代码）
```r # 设置随机种子，保证结果可重复 set.seed(42) # 模拟总体：假设总体有10000个学生的身高，服从正态分布N(170, 10^2) population <- rnorm(10000, mean = 170, sd = 10) # 简单随机抽样：从中抽取100个样本 sample_data <- sample(population, size = 100, replace...
📖 定义
# 设置随机种子，保证结果可重复
set.seed(42)
# 模拟总体：假设总体有10000个学生的身高，服从正态分布N(170, 10^2)
population <- rnorm(10000, mean = 170, sd = 10)
# 简单随机抽样：从中抽取100个样本
sample_data <- sample(population, size = 100, replace = FALSE)
# 查看样本基本信息
cat("总体均值:", mean(population), "\n")
cat("样本均值:", mean(sample_data), "\n")
cat("样本容量:", length(sample_data), "\n")
# 可视化：总体分布 vs 样本分布
par(mfrow = c(1, 2))
hist(population, breaks = 50, main = "总体分布", xlab = "身高(cm)")
hist(sample_data, breaks = 20, main = "样本分布", xlab = "身高(cm)")